The Orton-Gillingham approach is a unique language training system that was designed by Dr. Samuel Orton, a neuro-psychiatrist and pathologist, and Anna Gillingham was a gifted educator, psychologist, and school administrator. Orton-Gillingham has been the most powerful intervention designed expressly for the remediation of the language processing problems of children and adults with language-based learning disorders such as dyslexia.
The Orton-Gillingham approach is an intensive, sequential phonics-based system that teaches the basics of word formation before whole meanings. The approach accommodates and utilizes the three learning pathways through which people learn, and it teaches to a student's strengths while seeking to improve weaknesses through explicit and systematic phonics instruction. The result places students in position to master the eighty-five percent of the English code that is phonetic. Further, and most importantly, it allows them to make intelligent choices towards mastering the remaining fifteen percent of the English code that must be analyzed in order to be applied properly.
Orton-Gillingham revolves around the scientifically-based concepts that humans acquire and master language through three distinct neurological pathways: visual processing (seeing), auditory processing (hearing), and tactile-kinesthetic processing (feeling). All three neurological pathways are incorporated in the remediation of language skills or in primary language instruction.
During one component of an Orton-Gillingham session, a student will look at a letter or phonogram and make the corresponding sound. In a reverse process, the student will hear a sound and must name and write the associated letter or phonogram. Even within this vital, yet short, portion of the Orton-Gillingham session, all three neurological pathways are incorporated into the learning process.
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